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Glossary 6 min read17 April 2026

Tender Glossary: 30 Essential Terms Every AU Builder Needs to Know

Plain-English definitions of the 30 most common AU construction tender terms — from RFT to LDs to PC Sum. Bookmark this page.

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BidAlert Team

Construction tender specialists

AU construction tenders are full of jargon. This glossary covers the 30 terms that appear in almost every RFT. Keep it open the first time you read a tender — skim, don't memorise.

Tender process terms

RFT (Request for Tender)

The main tender document that invites bids. Usually 40–80 pages. Contains scope, evaluation criteria, mandatory requirements, timeline, and submission instructions.

RFP (Request for Proposal)

Similar to an RFT but typically for services or complex solutions where price isn't the dominant criterion. Often used for consultancy, D&C, or early-stage design work.

EOI (Expression of Interest)

A preliminary invitation before a full RFT. The agency uses EOIs to shortlist capable builders who'll then be invited to respond to the RFT. Less detailed, less effort than a full tender.

RFQ (Request for Quote)

Used for smaller, simpler works — usually price-led and with less formal response requirements. Often under the formal-tender threshold.

Addendum (pl. Addenda)

An update to the RFT pack issued during the open period. Usually in response to bidder questions. Addenda are binding — responses must reflect the latest version.

Contract form terms

AS 4000 / AS 4902 / AS 2124

Australian Standard contract forms. AS 4000 is the common general contract for construction. AS 4902 is the Design and Construct (D&C) version. AS 2124 is an older form still used by some councils. Each has different risk allocation — read the specific version referenced in your tender.

Special Conditions (SCs)

Agency-specific amendments to the standard contract. These are where most of the risk shifts happen. Always read the SCs carefully — they override the base standard form.

Lump Sum (LS)

A fixed-price contract where the builder takes responsibility for the total cost. Most common for defined-scope projects.

D&C (Design and Construct)

Contract where the builder is responsible for both design and construction. More risk on the builder, but more control over buildability.

Schedule of Rates (SoR)

Pricing model where you provide unit rates for each type of work, and quantities are measured and paid as actually delivered. Common for civil maintenance, minor works contracts, and emergency response work.

Pricing terms

BOQ (Bill of Quantities)

A detailed list of the work items with measured quantities. You provide unit rates for each item; the total is your lump sum. Common in civil construction.

PC Sum (Prime Cost)

An allowance for items whose exact cost isn't yet known. For example, "$45,000 PC Sum for bathroom fixtures". The final cost is adjusted up or down based on the actual supply price, plus the builder's fixed margin.

Provisional Sum (Prov. Sum)

An allowance for work whose scope isn't yet fully defined. The final cost + the builder's margin is adjusted based on actual scope once determined.

Preliminaries (Prelims)

Project-wide costs that aren't tied to specific work items — site sheds, temporary fencing, site management, WHS officer, insurance. Usually 8–15% of contract value.

Risk terms

Liquidated Damages (LDs)

A pre-agreed daily rate the builder pays the client for late completion. Often $1,000–$10,000/day on mid-sized jobs. If LDs are high, factor them into your program risk allowance.

Latent Conditions

Conditions discovered on site that weren't reasonably foreseeable from the tender docs — unmapped services, unexpected rock, contamination. Who pays depends on the contract form and SCs.

Extension of Time (EOT)

Additional time granted by the superintendent for delays outside the builder's control (weather, latent conditions, variations). EOT provisions vary wildly between contracts — check the SCs.

Variation

A change to the scope during construction. Can add or remove work. Variations are priced and paid separately from the base contract sum, usually at pre-agreed rates.

Rise and Fall

A contract clause that adjusts the price for material cost escalation over the project. Common on long (12+ month) projects. Absence of rise-and-fall on a long fixed-price job is a significant risk to the builder.

Retention

A percentage of each progress payment held back by the client until practical completion and the end of the defects liability period. Usually 5–10% of contract value.

Bank Guarantee / Performance Bond

A financial instrument the builder provides to guarantee their performance. Usually 5–10% of contract value. Released at practical completion or end of DLP. Cost: typically 1–2% per annum of the bond value.

Delivery terms

Practical Completion (PC)

The point at which the work is complete enough for the client to use — not necessarily 100% finished. Triggers handover, commencement of the DLP, and release of most retention.

DLP (Defects Liability Period)

Usually 12 months after PC. The builder must rectify any defects that emerge during this period at no additional cost. Remaining retention is released at end of DLP.

ITP (Inspection and Test Plan)

A document listing the quality control checks and hold-points throughout construction. Usually required for government and larger private projects.

Prequalification + compliance terms

Prequalification

A pre-approved capability assessment run by some agencies. Instead of assessing every builder in every tender, they pre-qualify builders in tiers, and only prequalified builders can tender. Examples: NSW PQC1, QBuild PQC, Rail Industry Worker (RIW), Transport for NSW WHS prequalification.

ISO 9001 / 14001 / 45001

Quality (9001), Environment (14001), and WHS (45001) management system certifications. Increasingly required on government and large private tenders. Expect to spend $8–15k to get certified and 3–6 months of effort.

MBC (Master Builders Construction) / MBA

Master Builders Association membership. Some tenders require it. Provides access to industry awards, contract templates, training, and a dispute-resolution service. Annual membership varies by state, typically $800–$2500.

Indigenous Participation / Local Content

Many AU government tenders require a minimum % of contract value be delivered by Indigenous-owned businesses or local suppliers. Tracked through Supply Nation and other registers.

SWMS (Safe Work Method Statement)

A formal document required before any high-risk construction work. Lists hazards, risk controls, and responsible persons. Required for each high-risk activity, not just once for the project.

Government tenders lean heavily on abbreviations. First time you see RFT or LDs in a tender, look it up — don't guess the meaning. A wrong assumption here is what costs builders the most when their assumptions hit the contract.

Read a real tender in plain English

BidAlert's Project Brief turns a 200-page tender pack into a 2-page scannable summary — every key term explained in builder's English. Available when we open to new users.

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